Strong German Verbs in the Präteritum and Perfekt: Part 2

Updated: 2026-10-26
Strong German Verbs in the Präteritum and Perfekt: Part 2

Strong German verbs (starke Verben) change their stem in the past forms, the Präteritum and Perfekt. Unlike weak verbs, they do not use the regular -te ending in the past tense. Their forms therefore need to be learned individually.

This lesson covers another important group of strong verbs that are very common in everyday German.

Strong verbs: Part 2

Important notes

  1. Verbs expressing movement or a change of state, such as kommen, gehen, bleiben and sterben, use the auxiliary verb sein in the Perfekt.
    • Ich bin nach Hause gekommen. — I came home.
    • Mein Opa ist vor zehn Jahren gestorben. — My grandfather died ten years ago.
  2. Other strong verbs use the auxiliary verb haben in the Perfekt.
    • Ich habe einen Brief geschrieben. — I wrote a letter.
    • Er hat einen Kaffee getrunken. — He drank a coffee.
  3. sein and werden are among the most important auxiliary verbs.
    • sein → war, ist gewesen
    • werden → wurde, ist geworden
  4. Verbs such as anfangen and einladen are separable verbs. In their Perfekt forms, the ge element appears after the prefix.
    • anfangen → angefangen
    • einladen → eingeladen

Example sentences

Summary

This group includes many very common strong verbs, including sein, werden, gehen and bleiben. The main difficulty is that their Präteritum and Perfekt forms must be learned separately because the stem changes and there is no general rule. In the Perfekt, remember that verbs expressing movement or a change of state use sein, while the other verbs use haben.

Practical steps

  1. Learn each verb together with its Präteritum and Perfekt forms.
  2. Mark the verbs that use sein in the Perfekt.
  3. Practise the separable verbs anfangen and einladen as complete forms.
  4. Write your own sentences using both the Präteritum and Perfekt.
  5. Review the list regularly, especially the common verbs sein, werden, gehen and bleiben.

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