The Präteritum of German Modal Verbs

Updated: 2026-10-26
The Präteritum of German Modal Verbs

German modal verbs (Modalverben) are very common. They express obligation, possibility, permission, wishes or intentions: ich muss, ich kann, ich darf, ich soll, ich will, ich mag.

In the past tense, modal verbs have special Präteritum forms. These forms are used not only in written texts but also frequently in everyday communication.

List of modal verbs

Conjugation in the Präteritum

Müssen

Ich musste gestern früh aufstehen. – I had to get up early yesterday.

Können

Er konnte nicht kommen. – He could not come.

Dürfen

Wir durften ins Kino gehen. – We were allowed to go to the cinema.

Sollen

Ich sollte die Hausaufgaben machen. – I was supposed to do my homework.

Wollen

Sie wollte Lehrerin werden. – She wanted to become a teacher.

Mögen

Wir mochten das Essen nicht. – We did not like the food.

Important points

Practice sentences

Summary

Practical steps

  1. Memorise the six modal verbs and their Präteritum forms.
  2. Practise each form with the pronouns ich, du, er/sie/es, wir, ihr and sie/Sie.
  3. Build sentences with an infinitive, such as musste gehen, konnte arbeiten and wollte helfen.
  4. Practise both negative sentences and questions, such as Ich konnte nicht kommen and Konntest du kommen?

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